I needed to disable self sign-ups because I’ve been getting too many spam-type accounts. Thanks.
Taurine may transport retinoids
"Supposition has been made regarding involvement of taurine in the transport of retinoids between photoreceptors and pigment epithelium. In this paper we present new data in favor of this hypothesis."
"By being conjugated with taurine, water-insoluble retinoids can more readily be delivered to target tissues and then freed by hydrolysis. This type of delivery may be an mechanisms in the transport of retinoids, which otherwise are known to be transported by retinoid binding proteins."
https://b-ok.cc/book/2298195/ce9364
"Taurine is known to be used as a conjugate to excrete various xenobiotics including phenylacetic acid (James et aI., 1972) and some nutrients such as vitamin A."
https://b-ok.cc/book/2250623/3b7181
"The metabolic transformations required for the generation of this metabolite from all-trans-retinoic acid are the following ... (5) conjugation of the resulting retinoid with taurine. To our knowledge, this metabolite represents the first taurine conjugate of a fat-soluble vitamin to be identified."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7115673
"The ability of the biliary metabolite retinotaurine to reverse the cornification of vaginal epithelial cells induced by vitamin A deficiency was assessed ... The low biological activity of this recently identified biliary metabolite suggests that it represents an excretory form of retinoic acid."
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/16102422_The_Biological_Activity_of_Retinotaurine
"along with its other known beneficial effects taurine probably is necessary to facilitate vitamin A transport"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11787631
"probably taurine nearby with specific retinoid binding proteins can play an essential role in 11–cis and all–trans retinoid transport and thus can be involved in rhodopsin regeneration and prevention from light induced damage of photoreceptor cells."
https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2404554
"...The presence of taurine (5-20 mM) and zinc (50-100 microM) protected cells from retinol-induced injury..."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6502269
"...these toxic effects of vitamin A were significantly reduced when the rats were fed the diet with the supplement of taurine..."
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814607005420
"Unexpectedly, retinol level was increased in plasma and liver from taurine-depleted kittens."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2213246
"Nonetheless, cats fed diets deficient in vitamin A exhibited conjunctivitis, xerosis with keratitis and corneal vascularization, retinal degeneration, photophobia, and slowed pupillary response to light. Certain of these alterations also result from the retinal degeneration that is seen in taurine deprivation."
"Taurine binds to other substances, such as retinoic acid and xenobiotics, facilitating their excretion"
Blanco, A., & Blanco, G. (2017). Vitamins. Medical Biochemistry, 645–687. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803550-4.00027-6
"On the basis of recent finding concerning the relationship between taurine and the aldehyde of vitamin A-retinal... as well as on the basis of data from the literature, we now suggest a hypothesis that taurine promotes the bioavailability of the lipid soluble vitamins A, D, E, K, and F, probably by forming different types of water soluble, easily hydrolyzable complexes."
Excellent research and presentation, Dan!!
So is Taurine beneficial or not? If it is a transport vehicle for retonic acid then perhaps yes if it is helping to get rid of it. The first study on Dan's post seem to paint it as beneficial because it helps deliver vitamin A to the tissues where it is needed. Perhaps this is not such a good thing. Such a complex topic.
Quote from tpfitzski on March 16, 2019, 2:50 amSo is Taurine beneficial or not? If it is a transport vehicle for retonic acid then perhaps yes if it is helping to get rid of it. The first study on Dan's post seem to paint it as beneficial because it helps deliver vitamin A to the tissues where it is needed. Perhaps this is not such a good thing. Such a complex topic.
Right. Does the delivery to tissues the cause of tissues dying? I just ordered a bottle of taurine suppliments so I am a little concerded. Some people have had bad reactions with taurine in a mercury toxicity group.
"... taurine for the most part worsened the retinoid embryotoxicity"
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/027205909090052L
Thanks that’s 1 more against taurine.
Grant didn’t seem to experience anything from taurine and some bad experiences from a mercury toxicity group. I’m gonna pass on taurine.